This paper updates analyses of the relationship between fluctuations of the business cycle and the number of traffic fatalities published in 2015 by the International Transport Forum. Since then, the global recession that started in 2008 has ended and economic growth has returned to most International Transport Forum countries. The paper revisits the affect that declining or stable high rates of unemployment have on traffic fatalities.

The present fifth edition of the Glossary is the result of the valuable cooperation between Eurostat, UNECE and ITF (International Transport Forum) which put an effort into harmonising transport statistics at European and international level.

The Glossary comprises 744 definitions and represents a point of reference for all those involved in transport statistics. In this edition, the rail, road, inland waterways, maritime, air and intermodal freight transport chapters have been substantially revised. A new chapter on energy consumption has been added and a new accident section has been annexed to the maritime transport chapter.

The Glossary has been translated into all the official languages of the European Union. The use of illustrations aims to provide a better understanding of the definitions, on the basis that one picture is worth a thousand words.

This report explores how seamless data collection, analysis and sharing can unlock innovations in transport safety. Most interventions to improve transport safety are reactions to incidents. Connected vehicles, smartphone apps, ubiquitous sensors, data sharing and machine learning make proactive transport safety interventions possible and prevent crashes before they happen. Drawing on the Safe System approach, this report examines how transport stakeholders can make better decisions by using more relevant and timely data.